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Analysis of layout design of standard dust-free workshop
2025/1/20
The building layout of the clean workshop has a close relationship with the clean air conditioning system, the clean air conditioning system must obey the overall layout of the building, the building layout must also conform to the principle of the clean air conditioning system, and the two correspond to each other in order to give full play to the relevant functions. The designer of clean air conditioning must not only understand the layout of the building to consider the layout of the system, but also put forward requirements for the layout of the building to make it conform to the design principle of a dust-free workshop. This paper briefly introduces the layout of the dust-free workshop.
The layout of the dust-free workshop can be in the following ways:
Outer corridor surround type: The outer corridor can have Windows and no Windows, which can be used for visiting and placing some equipment, and some are on duty heating in the outer corridor. Exterior window must be double sealed window.
Inner gallery type: The dust-free workshop is located on the outside, and the corridor is located inside, and the cleanliness level of this corridor is generally higher, even at the same level as the dust-free workshop.
Two-end type: the clean area is located on one side, and the other side is provided with clean and auxiliary rooms.
Core type: In order to save land and shorten the pipeline, the clean area can be the core, surrounded by various auxiliary rooms and hidden pipeline space, which avoids the influence of outdoor climate on the clean area, reduces the heat and cold energy consumption, and is conducive to energy saving.
In order to minimize the pollution caused by human activities in the operation, personnel must change clean clothes and blow, bathe and disinfect before entering the clean area. These measures are called "personal purification" or "human purification". The room in which the clean clothes are changed should be ventilated, and maintain positive pressure on other rooms such as the entrance side, maintain a little positive pressure on the toilet and shower, and maintain negative pressure on the toilet and shower.
Third, the material purification route all kinds of objects must be purified before being sent into the clean area, referred to as "material purification".
The material purification route and the human purification route should be separated, if the material and personnel can only enter the dust-free workshop in the same place, they must also enter the door, and the material must be roughed up first.
For the occasion that the production line is not strong, an intermediate warehouse can be set up in the middle of the material route.
If the production line is strong, the straight-through material route is used, and sometimes it is necessary to set up multiple purification and transfer facilities in the middle of the straight-through route.
In the system design, the crude purification and fine purification stage of the material purification room will blow off a lot of raw particles, so the relatively clean area should maintain negative pressure or zero pressure, and if the pollution risk is large, the negative pressure should also be maintained in the entrance direction.
The pipeline of the dust-free workshop is very complex, so these pipelines are concealed organization. There are several types of specific hidden organization.
1. Technical interlayer
(1) Top technical interlayer. In this interlayer, because the section of the air supply and return pipe is generally the largest, it is pretended to be the first object to be considered in the interlayer. It is generally arranged at the top of the mezzanine, and electrical pipelines are arranged under it. When the bottom plate of this sandwich can bear a certain weight, filters and exhaust equipment can be arranged on it.
(2) Room technology mezzanine. In this way, compared with only the top sandwich, the wiring and height of the sandwich can be reduced, and the technical sandwich required for the return air pipeline to return to the upper sandwich can be eliminated. The upper passage of a dust-free workshop can also be used as the lower passage of the upper passage.
2. Technical barrier (wall)
The horizontal pipeline in the upper and lower interlayer is generally turned into a vertical pipeline, and the hidden space where the vertical pipeline is located is the technical corridor. The technical cleat can also place some auxiliary equipment that is not suitable for the dust-free workshop, and can even be used as a general return air pipe or plenum, and some can be installed with a light tube radiator.
Because most of these technical lanes (walls) use light partitions, they can be easily adjusted when the process is adjusted.
3. Technical silos
If the technical corridor (wall) often does not cross the floor, it is necessary to use the technical shaft when the floor is crossed, and often as part of the building structure, with permanence.
Because the technical shaft connects the layers together, in order to prevent fire, after the installation of the internal pipeline, it is necessary to close the layers with a material whose fire resistance limit is not lower than that of the floor, and the maintenance work is carried out in different layers, and the inspection door must be equipped with a fire door.
Whether it is a technical sandwich, a technical alley or a technical shaft, when it is directly combined with a work alley, its inner surface must be treated according to the requirements of the inner surface of the dust-free workshop.
The air conditioning room is best close to the dust-free workshop that requires large air supply, and strive to have the shortest line of the air duct. However, from the point of view of preventing noise and vibration, it is required to separate the clean workshop from the machine room. Both aspects are considered. The separation methods are as follows:
1. Structural separation method. There are the following:
(1) The settlement joint is separated. Make the settlement joint pass between the dust-free workshop and the machine room, and play a dividing role.
(2) sandwich wall partition type. If the machine room is close to the dust-free workshop, it is not a common wall partition, but each has its own partition wall, and there is a certain width of cracks between the two partition walls.
(3) Auxiliary chamber isolation type. An auxiliary room is arranged between the dust-free workshop and the machine room to act as a buffer.
2. Dispersion method. Divided into the following categories:
(1) Scattered on the roof or ceiling: The machine room is often located on the uppermost roof, so that it is far from the dust-free workshop below, but the next layer of the roof is best set as an auxiliary or management room layer, or as a technical interlayer.
(2) Underground distributed: the machine room is located in the basement.
3. Independent building method. A separate machine room is established outside the dust-free workshop building, but it is best to be close to the dust-free workshop. Pay attention to vibration isolation and sound insulation in the equipment room. The ground should be waterproof and drainage measures should be taken.
Vibration isolation: anti-vibration treatment should be performed on the support and base of the fan, motor, and pump of the vibration source. If necessary, the equipment should be installed on the concrete plate, and then the anti-vibration material should be used to support the plate. The weight of the plate should be 2 to 3 times the total weight of the equipment.
Sound insulation: In addition to the installation of mufflers on the system, large room can consider pasting materials with certain sound absorption performance on the wall, to install a glottic door, do not open the door on the partition wall with the clean area.
Because the dust-free workshop is a very airtight building, its safe evacuation has become a very important and prominent problem, and the purification of air conditioning system Settings are also closely related. Generally, the following points should be noted:
1. At least 2 safety exits shall be set up in each fire protection area or clean area of the production layer. Only one safety exit shall be allowed when the area is less than 50 and the personnel is less than 5.
2. The net entrance shall not be used as an evacuation exit. Because the net route is often twists and turns, once the fireworks are confused, it is difficult to require personnel to quickly run outside.
3, the shower room can not be used as a general access channel, because this door is often two interlocked or automatic, once the failure, very affect the evacuation, so generally set up in the shower room by-pass door, staff more than 5 people must set up this door. Usually when the staff out of the dust-free workshop should not go to the shower room but should go through the bypass door.
4. The doors of the dust-free workshops in the clean area, taking into account the need to maintain the indoor pressure situation, should be opened in the direction of the room with high pressure, because the door should be pressed by pressure, which is obviously the opposite of the requirements of safe evacuation. In order to consider the two requirements of ordinary cleaning and emergency evacuation, the door between the clean area and the unclean area, the clean area and the outdoor door are treated as a safe evacuation door, and the opening direction is all toward the evacuation direction, of course, the single security door is the same.
